This is basically a compilation of the lecture notes I wrote when teaching 36-401, Modern Regression, in fall 2015. I offer it here on the chance that it might be of interest to those learning, or teaching, linear regression. There's no shortage of resources on that, but I have tried to present the subject as though statistics had made some progress since 1960, de-emphasizing bits of theory which rely on Gaussian noise and correctly-specified linear models, in favor of more computationally-intensive, but robust, techniques. If anything, I did not go far enough.
The manuscript has some over-lap with Advanced Data Analysis from an Elementary Point of View (especially that book's second chapter, "The Truth About Linear Regression"), but also a lot of new and lower-level material. Comments and (especially) corrections are appreciated.
--- At some point, I may incorporate the material about linear spatio-temporal estimation and prediction (the Wiener filter, kriging, etc.) from my Data Over Space and Time class into this manuscript.
(Last text update: typo corrections and re-running code after updating R, 20 October 2025)